
For this Summer Learning Journey, we had to create a taniwha karu in Tanga Kukara. We had to include this question; What are pūrākau? Well in Māori, pūrākau refers to traditional oral stories, myths, legends, and fables that carry cultural knowledge, history, values, and spiritual insights, serving as vital tools for identity, education, and understanding life’s journeys, including ancestral lessons.
I chose the colours black, red, and white because black signifies with mana (prestige), authority, and the strength of ancestors. It is often used in traditional carvings and tā moko (tattoos), lineage, and spiritual power. Red signifies strength and bravery required in battle, and red ochre (kokowai) was used ceremonially for protection. And white signifies purity, promise for the future, awakening, and the realm of being and light (Te Ao Mārama)
Taniwha originate from the oral traditions and mythology of the Māori people, the indigenous people of New Zealand (Aotearoa). They inhabit deep pools, caves, and the ocean, often in places with strong currents or dangers.
The story I picked to represent my taniwha is Āraiteuru and her sons.
Āraiteuru was a female taniwha, believed to have escorted the Māmari canoe to New Zealand from Hawaiki. In other traditions Āraiteuru and another taniwha named Ruamano guided the Tākitimu canoe.
When she arrived, Āraiteuru gave birth to 11 sons. All went exploring, and on the way they dug trenches – creating the branches of the Hokianga Harbour. One son, Waihou, burrowed inland and lashed his tail about to form Lake Ōmāpere. Another, Ōhopa, was angered by the large number of rocks he encountered, and came to hate all living things. He terrorised the people near the Panguru mountains.
Āraiteuru was a guardian of the Hokianga Harbour, and had her lair in a cave there. She lived at the south head of the harbour, and her companion, known by some as Niua, lived in the north head.
THE HOKIANGA
Is a region surrounding the Hokianga Harbour in the Far North of New Zealand. It is sparsely populated and has many little clusters of houses in a rural setting. Its full Māori placename is Hokianga-nui-a-Kupe – the returning-place of Kupe, the legendary polynesian discoverer of Aotearoa. Maori Legend has it that “Wairere was one of the eleven taniwha sons of Araiteuru (Āraiteuru) of Hokianga Harbour. His brothers, sent by their mother, all took it upon themselves to see who could burrow the furthest to see the country in which they lived.
Wairere followed the path cut by his brother Waihou and changed direction before he reached Horeke. He encountered a rough patch of land filled with boulders. Wairere found that the boulders were interesting shapes, and he wanted to bring one back to prove his story.
Unfortunately, the boulder proved exceptionally heavy, and he made it back to Waihou’s path. There, exhaustion overtook him, so he fell asleep with the boulder still atop his head. He has not yet shaken the load from his shoulders, so he remains there, sleeping most of the time from the weight over his head. Even to this day, waka (ships, canoes) may be upset by this stone if Wairere stirs in his sleep, or, worse yet, if he half-awake attempts to take revenge for his plight.
The icon for the Hokianga is the Kauri tree. 75 % of all Kauri are in the Hokianga, which has four protected Kauri forests (Waipoua in the South-West, Omahuta to the North-East, Warawara in the North-West and Puketi in the East.”
